Composition constructional unit



- of bituminous material Patented Jan. 14, 1930 ALBERT G. FTSCHER, OFCHICAGO, ILL INOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE EHILIP GARE! FACTUBING COMPANY, ACORPORATION OF OHIO No Drawing. Application filed May 5,

This invention relates to composition constructional units composed of amixture of ductile waterproofing material and animal hair, these unitscomprising such articles as expansion joint roofing, planking, siding,floor covering, rail filler, protection course for pavin and tne like.

Heretofore it has been customary to manufacture felts, running them thrua saturating vat, pressing out the excess saturation an then coating thesaturated felts with an asphalt coating, using a suitable mineralmaterial to prevent adhesion in the process of rolling or packing.

Other methods followed have been to mix the fibres of the felt with theasphalt in a heated state and then roll to the proper thickness while ina heated plastic state. Felt fibres, as known in the roofing art, areultimate fibres of cotton rags, linters etc., which have no extendedbinding strength.

Because of the heavier body structure of an expansion joint, and thefact that it must be made up in thicknesses from A, to 1 inch, and inlengths of 5 feet, which are standard up to 15 feet, and from 3 to 12inches or more in width, it is exceedingly important that the expansionstrip have suflicient tensile strength to withstand excess warpage andbeing poured on eit er side. known in the art.

This invention relates more particularly to.

an elastic compressible body of elongated fibres, especially animalfibres, which are coat ed and pressed into a felted sheet, adding muchgreater tensile strength thereto than the short fibres, and in thisparticular instance alludes particularly to the strength of animal hair,together with its unpenetrable nature, its rounded form and adaptabilityto interlacing, thus extending thru a considerable mass and binding thematerial together over an extended area, and has to do particularly withthe process as described in'the original case in its relation to theparagraph reciting the following:

Another purpose of this invention is to provide a material for thepurposes described in may be as elastic binding 1926. Serial no. waste.

sheets with considerably longer fibres than is v i usually provided insoft felt roofing sheets and felts as heretofore manufactured, thefibres of the roofing sheets being very small and short. Thefibres ofthe material used in the present invention in some instances long as 2or 3 inches. Flax, hemp, sisal and other vegetable fibres arepreferable, although other mineral or animal fibres may also be employedin mixing fibrous matter with bituminous material, taught by me, isfamiliar with the fact that the mass cannot be formed in a sheet forexpansion joint purposes unless the mass of bituminous material orbinder is considerably greater than the fibrous material, andproportions exceeding thirty per. cent of fibrous matter are notdesirable because of the interference with the binding of the mass, thusmaking the mass unsatisfactory for expansion joint purposes. This factdistinguishes material for expansion joint requirements as againstmerely coated fibres, which are made in sheet form forfthe purpose ofinsulating,

6 The art, as

which under no condition answers the purpose ture is largely fibrousmaterial as against the. handling, because the strip must be set on"edge in the road to ermit of plasticmaterial. These facts are;

binding material.

Animal fibre is-particularly resilient when mixed with a bulk ofbituminous material or material and relates particularly to thoroughlywaterproofing the animal hair in the proper mixing contrivance anmatting same together under pressure to effeet a continuous sheetsuitable for use as an expansion joint and distinguishes as against whatis known as a bat of hair felt, known to the art, which is dense byreason of its requirements being primarily for insulating purposes thatit is undesirable as an expansion joint, would not be economical becauseof the tremendous costof treated hair i felt, andbecause the largervolume of the mass is constituted of the hairlike fibres densely mattedeven in the dry state. This is not the case in the use of animal hair asdevised by me for expan ion joints.

Powerful mixers are employed, in which tic, flexible, animal fiber notexceeding thirty heatedasphalt is placed and the animal hair per cent.is thrown into the mixture in the proper pro- Signed at Ch cago,Ill1no1s, this th day portions, thoroughly mixed, and'the entire ofApril, 1926. mass thus subjected to pressure, in which the ALBERT C.FISCHER.

fibrous material thus coated with bituminous binder is compressed andmatted together by passing same thru suitable pressure rolls. Thiseffects a very economical and efiective m expansion joint because theanimal hair ex- 75 erts its influence in preventing an excess of rapidoozing of the bituminous binder under pressure, yet in practise thepassing trafiic, because of the preponderance of binder, would 15 pressthe material back into the crevice if any 8o undue elongation occurred.e

e distinguishing feature in this invention is the long filament ofanimal hair em ployed because of its peculiar functioning 9 and bindingpower, as distinguished over 85 other vegetable or mineral fibres.

I claim: 1. A preformed compressible and expansible constructional unitcomprising a normally plastic strip ofductile waterproofing mate- 9orial having relatively long animal hairs incorporated and distributedtherein. to give an elastic character to the strip, and the proportionof waterproofing material preponderata0 ing. ea

2. A preformed compressible and expansible constructional unitcomprising a normally plastic strip of ductile waterproofing materialhaving animal hairs approximating one, two or three inches in lengthincorpo- 100 rated and distributed therein to give an elastic characterto the strip, the proportion of waterproofing material preponderating.

3. A preformed expansion joint comprismg a normally plastic strip ofductile bitu- 10s minous material having relatively long} coarse animalhairs, incorporated and distributed therein to give an elastic characterto the strip, the proportion of binder pre- 48 ponderatin 4. A prefrmedexpansion joint comprising a normally plastic strip of ductilebituminous material having relatively long, coarse animal hairsuniformly distributed therein to 50 give an elastic character to thestrip, the proportions of hair not exceeding substantially thirty percent.

5. A preformed expansion joint comprising a normally plastic strip ofductile bituminous material having relatively long, elastic, flexibleanimal fiber uniformly incorporated therein, the proportion of theelastic, flexible fiber not exceeding substantially 6 thirty per cent.

6. A preformed compressible and expansible constructional unitcomprising a preponderance of ductile bituminous material in. stripform, said ductile bituminous material 65 having uniformly incorporatedtherein elas-

